Crimson Publishers- Novel Approaches in Cancer Study

 Abstract Treatment of bone cancer usually involves surgical resection of the tumours, as well as the use of radiation or drugs, in order to kill tumour cells and/or prevent further growth and reproduction of tumoural cells. Hyperthermia is a complex method of treatment that involves the use of heat to selectively kill tumour cells. Due to their poorly organised blood system, tumours cannot dissipate heat effectively, leading to cell death via different cellular and molecular modifications of the structure and microenvironment of tumour tissue. Read More About This Article:  https://crimsonpublishers.com/nacs/fulltext/NACS.000643.php Read More  Crimson Publishers Google Scholar  Articles:  https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=3gM53m4AAAAJ&citation_for_view=3gM53m4AAAAJ:0EnyYjriUFMC

  Abstract The complexity of the living world has only recently begun to unveil itself for scientists. Network-like chain of events,with multi-level regulation, build up an extremely complicated edifice, both in structure and function, that sustains life as we know it.The implications of this complexity for cancer are discussed in the present Opinion article. Read More About This Article:  https://crimsonpublishers.com/nacs/fulltext/NACS.000644.php Read More  Crimson Publishers Google Scholar  Articles:  https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=3gM53m4AAAAJ&citation_for_view=3gM53m4AAAAJ:5nxA0vEk-isC

Opinion “Foremost among the way humans organize themselves into communities are ‘us versus them’ distinctions” [1]. Among the most devastating of these is the terminal prognosis: “This disease is likely to kill you soon. Prepare to die.” It puts patients on death row, and, often, into solitary confinement. It’s not how anyone wants to die. But it’s a common consequence of cancer. Of the almost two million cancers diagnosed each year, a fourth or so will kill their host. Yet the terminal prognosis is rarely warranted, for there is always legitimate hope for a cancer cure, and never legitimate hope of avoiding death for long. Read More About This Article:  https://crimsonpublishers.com/nacs/fulltext/NACS.000645.php Read More  Crimson Publishers Google Scholar  Articles:  https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=3gM53m4AAAAJ&citation_for_view=3gM53m4AAAAJ:8k81kl-MbHgC

Opinion Some bad ideas never die, like drinking and driving, American football, and refusing to take COVID precautions. Thinking that “incidence rates for cancers overall increase steadily as age increases” [1] is such an idea. It originated in the 1950’s [2], but has been thoroughly debunked since then [3,4]. Unfortunately, even the National Cancer Institute continues to promulgate this myth. Look at the age-distribution of new cancer diagnoses in the 2021 NCI report [1]. It is a bar graph, with each bar representing the number of new cancer cases per 100,000 people at each age. The cancer incidence rate does increase with age steadily, meaning regularly or at a relatively unchanging pace, but only from age 20 or so to age 60 or so. After that, the increase in incidence becomes gradually less steady until age 84, after which, incidence declines with advancing age. Read More About This Article:  https://crimsonpublishers.com/nacs/fulltext/NACS.000646.php Read Mor...

Preface Preface Malignant otitis externa emerges as a severe, invasive, possibly fatal infection of the external auditory canal. Malignant otitis externa commonly appears as a life-threatening condition in immunocompromised individuals or elderly population with diabetes mellitus. The infection rapidly disseminates within circumscribing soft tissue, temporal bone, base of skull or adjoining neck spaces. Although an infective process, malignant otitis externa functions and disseminates as a malignant neoplasm. Antecedent disease discernment is crucial as the condition is associated with significant proportionate mortality. Malignant otitis external was initially discerned by Meltzer in 1959 and thus scripted by Chandler in 1968 on account of extensive mortality associated with the condition [1]. Malignant otitis externa is additionally designated as necrotizing otitis externa. Read More About This Article:  https://crimsonpublishers.com/nacs/fulltext/NACS.000647.p...

Abstract Leukaemia is a cancer of the early blood-forming cells. Most often, Leukaemia is a cancer of the white blood cells, but some Leukaemia starts in other blood cell types. This paper discusses two mathematical models: Leukaemia without control and Leukaemia with control. Both models involved a system of nonlinear differential equations. We solve both models by employing the homotopy perturbation method. We propose showing the effectiveness of immune-boosting drugs and immunotherapy to defend Leukaemia cancer cells in the blood. Read More About This Article:  https://crimsonpublishers.com/nacs/fulltext/NACS.000649.php Read More  Crimson Publishers Google Scholar  Articles:  https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=3gM53m4AAAAJ&citation_for_view=3gM53m4AAAAJ:LkGwnXOMwfcC

Abstract Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Prevention and screening have allowed CRC rates to plateau in several countries; however, CRC continues to be challenging to treat and often leaves patients with chronic pain. Conventional treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, often result in resistant disease further complicating treatment. Consequentially, interest in novel immunotherapeutic treatments has grown substantially within the past few decades to provide additional treatment options. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cells are an especially attractive strategy to add to the immunotherapy toolbox because of the successful treatment of hematological malignancies. However, CAR-T cell therapy faces several additional challenges when applied to treating solid tumors, including CRC. Modifying the CAR-T cell design and understanding obstacles associated with the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) may present ways to improve curre...

Introduction Cancer is the name given to a set of diseases. Cancer begins when the genetic information of a cell is destroyed, causing the cell to divide uncontrollably. The result of this abnormal division often appears as a lump or bulge, commonly known as a tumor. The tumor can be benign or malignant. The benign tumor does not multiply outside its original site and does not enter other organs, but the malignant tumor, which is made up of cancer cells, first multiplies in the same place and if treatment is not started at this stage, they can migrate to other organs, multiply and eventually become invasive cancer. The occurrence of malignancies is not a peculiarity of human tissues and is not even restricted to mammals. Possibly can affect the various animal groups. Assuming that the presence of a tumor in a tissue result of cell cycle control is lost, we can imagine that these accidents can happen in any living being that has tissue [1]. Neoplasms are common in fi...

 Abstract Cancer patients are a special patient group that is more risky than other patient populations and should be approached more carefully. Especially in lung cancer patients, conditions such as tube thoracostomy required for empyema evacuation can lead to serious complications. The complication risk of tube thoracostomy procedure (19%), which is also present in the normal population, increases in oncology patients as a result of the changing anatomy, immune system and metabolic deficiencies. In addition, the management of these complications is not common. In this case, we aimed to present the complication that occurred during tube thoracostomy in a patient with squamous cell lung malignancy and our experience in the management of this complication. Read More About This Article:  https://crimsonpublishers.com/nacs/fulltext/NACS.000654.php Read More  Crimson Publishers Google Scholar  Articles:  https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=vi...

  Abstract Therapeutic vaccination is admitted to be a promising axis in onco-therapy. Contrary to preventive vaccination, which is mainly effective through the action of antibodies, onco-therapeutic vaccination requires the action of cellular immunity and in particular cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes. Development of such vaccines requires a rational antigenic choice and efficient vaccination vectors to induce robust, high quality and durable T-cell responses, and when necessary to overcome the T-cell tolerance. Here, we review the two categories of antigens that can be targeted by onco-therapeutic vaccines, namely Tumor-Associated Antigens (TAAs) and Tumor-Specific Antigens (TSAs), by giving examples and describing advantages and limitations of each antigen category. Combination of one or more appropriately selected antigens with, for instance, the powerful lentiviral vaccine vector platform, is a novel approach for the development of new generations of onco-therap...

 Abstract The landscape of advanced melanoma therapies has undergone a dramatic transformation over the last decade. The better characterization of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway led to the development of BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAFi and MEKi), such as vemurafenib and trametinib, which have shown substantial improvement in patient response and survival rate. To further address the rapid resistance developed following BRAFi monotherapy, combined BRAFi and MEKi doublets were developed and have represented the standard of care for targeted therapy of advanced melanoma patients. The deeper understanding of immune cells and their interactions with tumor cells prompted the development of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) such as ipilimumab and nivolumab, which have shown tremendous clinical benefit and led to the emergence of BRAFi+MEKi+ICI triplet treatment. In this article, we review the evolvement of treatment approaches for advanced BRAF V60...