Crimson Publishers- Novel Approaches in Cancer Study

  Recent Advances in the Therapeutic Approaches of Glioblastoma Multiforme by Siddharth Shah in  in Novel Approaches in Cancer Study Abstract Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM, WHO grade IV) is one of the most aggressive, invasive, and lethal intracranial neoplasms, with a low post-diagnosis survival rate. Standard-of-care treatment regimens involving maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and genetic anti-tumor compounds like Temozolomide have only been marginally effective in improving overall survival and quality of life. Cell fusion, autophagy, and other complex biological processes affecting GBM pathophysiology are being studied to improve GBM treatment. This paper therefore focuses on oncolytic virus therapy combined with surgical resection, photodynamic therapy, and novel gene therapy, demonstrating how GBM treatment for patients could result in immediate and authentic tumor cytotoxicity and removal, rather than treatment of recurrent GBM. Standard therapy for GBM,...

Unstipulated and InexactIndeterminate Dendritic Cell Tumour by Anubha Bajaj in   Novel Approaches in Cancer Study Opinion Indeterminate dendritic cell tumour emerges as an extremely exceptional tumefaction composed of proliferation of dendritic cells or cells of histiocytic lineage. Additionally designated as indeterminate cell histiocytosis, indeterminate cell tumour or indeterminate dendritic cell tumour, true cutaneous dendritic cell tumour may depict solitary or multifocal lesions. Generally, tumefaction is confined to diverse cutaneous surfaces wherein deep seated visceral or regional lymph node involvement is exceptional. Tumour forming indeterminate cells simulate Langerhans cells vis-à-vis morphological and antigenic features. However, indeterminate cells appear devoid of Birbeck granules and lack immune reactivity to langerin (CD207). Median age of disease emergence is 45 years although no age of disease occurrence is exempt. An almost equivalent gender predile...

  Deciphering the Ras/MAPK Signaling Pathway in the Progression and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma byHassan Mushtaq in  Novel Approaches in Cancer Study Abstract Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a serious health issue and its frequency is rapidly escalating throughout the world therefore researchers have focused more attention to the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway. The signaling pathways are linked to develop tumors and the Ras/MAPK pathway is one of these pathways, activated in 60% of HCCs with poor prognosis. A number of different proteins causes the abnormal regulation of the MAPK pathway in HCC. Ras, a small GTPase and Raf are the most commonly mutated oncogene supports the critical function of this pathway in oncogenesis. The genetic mutations leading to effector molecule to permanently activated in the Ras/MAPK signaling cascades. The inappropriate activation of this pathway is primarily due to the downregulation of various Ras/MAPK pathway inhibitors including RAS...

  Twirl and Whirl-Myopericytoma by  Anubha Bajaj  in Novel Approaches in Cancer Study Opinion Myopericytoma emerges as a distinct myoid neoplasm delineating perivascular distribution of tumour cells. The neoplasm configures a morphological continuum with myofibroma. Myopericytoma is comprised of bland, spindle shaped myoid cells configuring a concentric pattern circumscribing innumerable, miniature vascular articulations. Myofibroma expounds a biphasic tumour pattern and exhibits primitive cellular zones admixed with frequent mitotic figures, tumour necrosis and focal calcification. Aforesaid cellular elements are encompassed within hyalinised nodules constituted of myoid spindle shaped cells. Myopericytoma and myofibroma expound chromosomal mutations within PDGFRB gene. Cellular myofibroma or myopericytoma exemplifies SRF-RELA genetic fusion. Nomenclature of infantile hemangiopericytoma is not recommended. Myopericytoma commonly arises within adult subjects although no...

  The Miniscule Eaves-Micro-papillary Carcinoma Breast by  Anubha Bajaj in  Novel Approaches in Cancer Study Abstract Micro-papillary carcinoma breast emerges as an invasive, exfoliative neoplasm delineating characteristic pseudo-papillary, tubular or morula-like epithelial structures with an inverted or ‘inside out’ tumour pattern. Tumefaction exhibits upregulation of various nutrient transporters as glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) through activation of transcription factor as hypoxia-inducible factor or upregulation of BC-1514 (C21 or f118), especially within micro-papillary areas. Tumour cells exhibit gains of chromosome 1q, 8q, 17q, 20q and loss of chromosome 1p, 8p, 13q, 16q and 20q. Cellular cytological smears delineate angulated clusters, abortive papillae and isolated malignant cells. Densely cellular tufts of cells configure pseudo-papillae, hollow tubules or morula with circumscribing clear spaces and minimal encompassing fibro-collagenous stroma. Characteristic...

  Synergistic Power of Phytochemicals and Nanotechnology in Cancer Treatment by  Sarika Chaudhary in  Novel Approaches in Cancer Study Abstract Bioactive Phytocompounds (BPCs) naturally found in plants, hold immense potential for cancer treatment. However, their limitations like poor solubility, bioavailability and stability hinder their effectiveness. This review explores how nanotechnology can overcome these limitations and empower phytochemicals in the fight against drug-resistant cancer. Despite advancements, conventional therapies (surgery, radiation, chemotherapy) often suffer from side effects and drug resistance. Understanding the complex signaling pathways involved in cancer development is crucial for designing targeted therapies. Phytochemicals offer diverse biological activities against cancer, but their inherent limitations restrict their use. They can induce apoptosis, inhibit growth, modulate inflammation, and bolster the immune response. Nanocarriers enca...

  Qualitative and Quantitative Detection of Runt-Related Transcription Factor 1 and Eight-Twenty-One Oncoprotein Gene Fusion Products using Thermal Fingerprint and Cycle Threshold Value by Employing a DNA Intercalating Dye and Fluorescent PCR for Detecting Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) by  Pratap Mukhopadhyaya  in Novel Approaches in Cancer Study Abstract An intercalating dye-based qualitative and quantitative real time PCR assay was developed to detect and estimate the AML1/ETO fusion transcript in patients suffering from Acute myeloid leukaemia. Quantitation standard was prepared by molecular cloning of the fusion transcript in a multicopy cloning vector followed by its propagation in Escherichia coli. Nucleotide sequencing confirmed the AML1/ETO fusion point within the cloned insert and further, its serial dilution resulted in a predicted increase in cycle threshold value which was used to generate a standard curve. Secondary calibration of the standard with an CE-IV...

  A Review on Malignant Transformation by  Prakash Chandra Gupta in  Novel Approaches in Cancer Study Abstract Multiple genetic alterations must accumulate within a cell in order for it to become malignant throughout the development and growth of a tumour. One must identify as many of the genetic changes that occur during cancer development in order to comprehend the biology that underlies the disease. Our current understanding of the chromosomal basis of cancer was built on that chromosome aberrations play a crucial role in the malignant transformation of a normal cell. Numerous genomic tools, the transcriptional activity of protein-coding genes is regulated by these tiny non-coding RNA molecules in mammals. When present in amounts above a particular threshold, the heavy metals cadmium, arsenic, and nickel are all cancer-causing. Read more about this article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/nacs/fulltext/NACS.000670.php For more articles in Novel Approaches in Cancer Stu...

  Nutrient Deprivation: A Cancer Treatment of Last Resort by   Doug Dix in  Novel Approaches in Cancer Study Opinion A West Hartford high school senior was diagnosed with brain cancer, “a high-grade glioma.” Her parents brought her to Dana Farber Institute in Boston Massachusetts seeking the world’s best treatment. They took an apartment in Boston to support her through the ordeal. The patient received surgery and radiation, and, at five months after diagnosis, showed improvement, but, at seven months, relapsed. She received more surgery and radiation but died nine months after diagnosis [1]. It’s a tragic horror story that plays out in this way for some 3,000 young and many more, older adults each year. The patient’s parents did all they could to get their daughter the best treatment. But, in the end, it was inadequate. And it would have been inadequate at any cancer center. There simply is no dependable treatment for end-stage glioma. “Clearly, there exists an unmet n...

  Hypoxic Cancer Cells Protect Themselves Against Damage: Search for a Single-Cell Indicator of This Protective Response by  Polina Schwartsburd  in Novel Approaches in Cancer Study Abstract Tumor hypoxia is accompanied by resistance to many damaging therapeutic effects. This effect is often attributed to the loss of the ability of normal and benign tumor cells to adapt their metabolism to hypoxia, whereas cancer cells, on the contrary, acquire the ability to survive and avoid an immune response under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, cancer cells use hypoxia to reprogram their metabolism and induce antioxidant protection, in particular by increasing the production of antioxidant molecules [NAD(P)H and glutathione], which protect hypoxic cancer cells from the damaging effects of free radicals. However, hypoxic cancer cells may differ one from another by the efficiency of protection against damage; an indicator is required to assess this efficiency. The goal of our work is t...